IMPLICATIONS OF GRAM-NEGATIVE BACILS IN MEDICINE AND PHARMACY

Description

Viorel Ordeanu, Roxana Colette Sandulovici, Rareș Straton

Microorganisms are ubiquitous, they are found in all environments, in water, air, soil and other microorganisms. A very widespread group in nature and in the anthropogenic environment are gram-negative bacilli. Some species are harmful to humans, being pathogenic, others are useful being used in biotechnology, but most live in nature, without being harmful or useful to humans. Doctors must make the etiological diagnosis of the infection to treat it correctly. The treatment is done with anti-infective drugs, mainly with antibiotics. But they must be well chosen, because bacteria develop resistance to antibiotics. Therefore, the pharmacist must know the importance of infectious diseases and the peculiarities of antibacterial treatment and the use of antibiotics. When preparing any medicine, the pharmacist must avoid contamination with pathogenic bacteria, so as not to make the patient sick with a new infection. For this, tests are performed to verify the microbial load of the raw material, the operators, the utensils and work surfaces and the final drug, so that there is no pathogenic microbe in the drug. But the presence of large amounts of non-pathogenic microorganisms is also not allowed, as some could infect the already weakened body of the patient (opportunistic infections) or simply by their development in the components of the drug which may alter its structure and properties, the drug becoming inactive or even toxic, regardless of the period of validity. Gram-negative bacilli can also be “bioreactors” for the preparation by pharmaceutical biotechnology of various biological products, including drugs. Knowledge of gram-negative bacilli, from a medical-pharmaceutical point of view is very important for the pharmacist, both for knowing the diseases caused by them and anti-infective treatment to avoid microbial contamination in the production and distribution of drugs, and for pharmaceutical biotechnology processes.

https://doi.org/10.58679/UTM41592