ABOUT THE VIRTUAL AND CLASSICAL ANALYSIS OF THE FEMURAL MEDULLARY CHANNEL FOR OSTEOSYNTHESIS

Description

Ilaria Lorena Petrovici, Dănuț Nicolae Tarnița, Răzvan Cristian Văduva, Mihai Cătălin Tenovici, Andrei Tudora, Vladimir Ontica, Daniel Cosmin Călin, Dragoș-Laurențiu Popa, Gabriel Buciu

For the beginning, computer tomographic images were used, which we transformed into a virtual environment, using programs that are currently used in 3D printing. With the help of these devices and computer programs, we were able to sketch both the outside and the inside of the bone component. Using programs like InVersalius or Geomagic we created the bone in electronic format, in the smallest details. The methods used for the analysis and study of tomographic images of the studied bone components were of the order of medical imaging explorations. For the femoral bone component, we performed several experiments. The first experiment consisted of injecting a cement into the medullary canal of the femur using a 20F silicone probe. Following the Computer Tomographic examination of the two bone components – one with a free medullary canal and the other being injected and probed with cement, the images were processed in the InVersalius and Geomagic systems, and we formed a model of the femur, including the medullary canal. The highlighting of the medullary canal was performed using CAD techniques specific to the isolation of the surface that delimits the canal, followed by the generation of a solid block and the virtual cutting with this surface of the solid block. These CAD operations provided us with the solid model of the medullary canal. The first experiment began, by injecting an orthopedic cement into the medullary canal, with the help of a special probe, as we mentioned in the previous chapter, in order to perform a Computer Tomographic scan of the medullary canal. In the second phase we used a special silicone, which we tried to insert into the bone through a specially created hole, in the idea of obtaining a mold of the medullary canal. After the injection, I waited 7 days for the silicone to harden. After 7 days, we decided to produce a longitudinal fracture in the femur, to highlight the silicone mold we built. Unfortunately, the experiment failed, due to the internal structure of the canal, and the spongy bone and bone marrow elements left in the epiphyses. Given the failure of the experiment, we decided to form a collage of the canal, using plasticine of various colors, and recalibrate the bone according to the scheme of a puzzle. I started by peeling off the excess tissue and spongy bone, and filling the medullary canal with plasticine. After removing the mold, we managed to form an exact copy of the femoral medullary canal. Following the experiments, both the paraclinical ones – using computer tomography, as well as the practical ones, for injecting silicone and making the plasticine mold, we obtained important conclusions.

https://doi.org/10.58679/UTM46094